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Verna Fields
Verna Fields (née Hellman, 21 March 1918 – 30 November 1982) was an American film editor, film and television sound editor, educator, and entertainment industry executive. In the first phase of her career, from 1954 through to about 1970, Fields mostly worked on smaller projects that gained little recognition. She was the sound editor for several television shows in the 1950s. She worked on independent films (including ''The Savage Eye'' (1959)), on government-supported documentaries of the 1960s, and on some minor studio films such as Peter Bogdanovich's first film, ''Targets'' (1968). For several years in the late 1960s, she was a film instructor at the University of Southern California. Her one major studio film, ''El Cid'', led to her only industry recognition in this phase of her career, which was the 1962 Golden Reel award for sound editing.
Fields came into prominence as a film editor and industry executive during the 'New Hollywood' era (1968–1982). She had established close ties with the directors Peter Bogdanovich, George Lucas, and Steven Spielberg early in their careers, and became known as their "mother cutter"; the term "cutter" is an informal variation of "film editor". The critical and commercial success of the films ''What's Up, Doc?'' (1972), ''American Graffiti'' (1973), and ''Jaws'' (1975) brought Fields a level of recognition that appears to be unique among film editors. ''Jaws'' in particular was enormously and unexpectedly profitable, and ushered in the era of the "summer blockbuster" film.〔Shone, Tom (2004). ''Blockbuster: How Hollywood Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Summer'' (Simon and Schuster), pp. 36-38. ISBN 0-7432-3568-1.〕〔Buckland, Warren (2006). ''Directed by Steven Spielberg: Poetics of the Contemporary Hollywood Blockbuster'' (Continuum, New York). ISBN 978-0-8264-1692-6.〕 Fields' contributions to this success were widely acknowledged. She received an Academy Award and an American Cinema Editors Award for best editing for the film. Within a year of the film's release, she had been appointed as Vice-President for Feature Production at Universal Studios. She was thus among the first women to enter upper-level management in the entertainment industry. Her career as an executive at Universal continued until her death in 1982 at age 64.
==Early life, education, and training==
Verna Hellman was born in St. Louis, Missouri. She was the daughter of Selma (née Schwartz) and Samuel Hellman, who was then working as a journalist for the ''St. Louis Post-Dispatch'' and the ''Saturday Evening Post''. Sam Hellman subsequently moved his family to Hollywood, where he became a prolific screenwriter.〔("St. Louis Writers' Guild History" ), webpage of the St. Louis Writers' Guild, archived by WebCite from the (original ) on 2008-02-26.〕 Verna Hellman graduated from the University of Southern California with a B.A. in journalism. She then held several positions at 20th Century Fox, including being the assistant sound editor on Fritz Lang's 1944 film ''The Woman in the Window''. In 1946, she married the film editor Sam Fields and stopped working.〔Folkart, Burt A. (1982). "Film Executive Verna Fields Dies at 64", ''Los Angeles Times'', 2 December 1982.〕 The Fields had two sons; one of them, Richard Fields, became a film editor. In 1954, Sam Fields died of a heart attack at the age of 38.〔Peary, Gerald (1980). ( "Verna Fields", ) ''The Real Paper'', 23 October 1980. Archived by WebCite from the (original ) on 2008-02-26.〕〔Murphy, Mary (1975). "Fields: Up From the Cutting Room Floor", ''Los Angeles Times'' 24 July 1975.〕
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